FOMC minutes: A few participants favored 50bps hike

    Minutes of January 31–February 1 FOMC meeting reveal that “almost all participants agreed that it was appropriate to raise the target range for the federal funds rate 25 basis points at this meeting.”

    “Many of these participants observed that a further slowing in the pace of rate increases would better allow them to assess the economy’s progress… as they determine the extent of future policy tightening that will be required.”

    Yet, “a few participants stated that they favored raising the target range for the federal funds rate 50 basis points at this meeting or that they could have supported raising the target by that amount.”

    Full minutes here.

    While there are more speculations regarding a revert to 50bps at March meeting, 25bps is still the majority of bets. For now, fed fund futures are pricing in 76% chance of another 25bps hike in March, and just 24% for 50bps.

     

    Fed Bullard: Let’s be sharp and get inflation under control in 2023

      St. Louis Fed President James Bullard told CNBC, “Our risk now is inflation doesn’t come down and reaccelerates and then what do we do.

      “We are going to have to react, and if inflation doesn’t start to come down, you know, you risk this replay of the 1970s where you had 15 years and you’re trying to battle the drag, and you don’t want to get into that.

      “Let’s be sharp now, let’s get inflation under control in 2023 and it’s a good time to fight inflation because the labor market is still strong,” He added.

      Bullard reiterated his view that Federal funds rate at 5.25-5.50% rate would be adequate for the task.

      Villeroy: ECB in no way obliged to hike at every meeting

        ECB governor François Villeroy de Galhau told French daily Les Echos that investors have “overreacted” to ECB communication since last week.

        “There is an excess of volatility in the terminal rate expectations,” he said. “Put differently, markets have overreacted a little since Thursday.”

        Villeroy also noted that while interest rate could peak by the end of summer, ECB is “in no way” obliged to raise borrowing costs at every meeting between now and September.

        Germany Ifo rose to 91.1, gradually working out of weakness

          Germany Ifo Business Climate rose from 90.2 to 91.1 in February, matched expectations. Current Assessment Index dropped from 94.1 to 93.0, below expectation of 94.3. Expectations Index rose from 86.4 to 88.5, above expectation of 94.7.

          By sector, manufacturing rose form -0.7 to 1.5. Services rose from 0.2 to 1.3. Trade rose from -15.4 to -10.6. Construction rose from -21.7 to -19.6.

          Ifo said: “The German economy is gradually working its way out of a period of weakness.”

          Full release here.

          Australia Westpac leading index ticked up, growth below trend through most of 2023

            Australia Westpac-MI leading index ticked up slightly in January. Growth in the three to nine months period is estimated to be -1.04% below trend, comparing to -1.09% in December.

            Westpac added that growth would remain below trend through most of 2023, with global factors, monetary policy and, recently, hours worked have weighed heavily on the Index.

            Regarding RBA policy, Westpac expects another 25bps hike at March meeting to 3.60%. The cash rate is expected to peak at 3.85%, but recent communications from RBA “imply upside risks to that forecast”.

            Full release here.

            BoJ Tamura: Appropriate to maintain monetary easing for now

              BoJ board member Naoki Tamura said, “we’re now in a phase where we need to scrutinise whether Japan can achieve a positive wage-inflation cycle. As such, it’s appropriate to maintain monetary easing for now.”

              Tamura also noted that December’s decision to double to yield cap was aimed at making monetary easing more sustainable, not at tightening. “At this stage, it’s important to follow carefully and humbly how markets would stabilise and to what extent market functions will improve,” he said.

              RBNZ hikes 50bps, sees OCR peaking at 5.5%

                RBNZ raises the Official Cash Rate by 50bps to 4.75% as widely expected. It also maintained hawkish bias and noted, “monetary conditions need to tighten further”.

                Regarding cyclone Gabrielle, it’s “too early to accurately assess the monetary policy implications”.. The committee will also “look through” the “short-term output variations and direct price effects” related to the weather event.

                In the economic projections, RBNZ sees OCR peaking at 5.5% in Q4 2023, and stays above 5% until Q1 2025. GDP is projected to contract in Q2, Q3 and Q4 this year. Inflation is projected to drop gradually from 7.3% in Q1, but only falls back below 3% in Q3 2024.

                Full statement here.

                In the post meeting press conference, RBNZ Governor Adrian Orr said that all options remain on the table today, “including 25, 50 and 75 bps hikes.” There was “very little discussion of a 25bp rate hike”, while “most focus was on 50bp”.

                ECB Lagarde: What comes after March will be data dependent

                  ECB President Christine Lagarde reiterated the plan to hike by another 50bps at March meeting. She added, “What comes after that will be data dependent. We will look at all numbers — inflation, obviously, labor cost, projections and we will determine what our monetary-policy path will be after that.”

                  “It is quite normal that we see at the moment inflation catchup as a key theme of negotiations between unions and employers associations,” she said. “At this point in time, for the whole of the euro area, we don’t see this spiraling of inflation-wages, inflation-wages.”

                  US PMI composite rose to 50.2, welcome steadying of business activity

                    US PMI Manufacturing rose from 46.9 to 47.8 in February. PMI Services rose from 46.8 to 50.5, an 8-month high. PMI Composite rose from 46.8 to 50.2, also an 8-month high.

                    Chris Williamson, Chief Business Economist at S&P Global Market Intelligence said:

                    “February is seeing a welcome steadying of business activity after seven months of decline. Despite headwinds from higher interest rates and the cost of living squeeze, the business mood has brightened amid signs that inflation has peaked and recession risks have faded. At the same time, supply constraints have alleviated to the extent that delivery times for inputs into factories are improving at a rate not seen since 2009.

                    “However, there are some caveats to the good news. The upturn is being driven by the services sector, which in part reflects unseasonably warm weather, and although the manufacturing survey data are showing signs of improvement, the factory sector remains in contraction and focused on inventory reduction.

                    “Furthermore, the improved supply situation has taken price pressures out of manufacturing supply chains, but the survey data underscore how the upward driving force on inflation has now shifted to wages amid the tight labor market. By potentially stoking concerns over a wage-price spiral, accelerating service sector price growth will add to calls for higher interest rates, which could in turn subdue the nascent expansion.”

                    Full release here.

                    Canada retail sales rose 0.5% mom in Dec

                      Canada retail sales rose 0.5% mom to CAD 62.1B in December. Sales increased in 7 of 11 subsectors, representing 75.1% of retail trade. Higher sales at motor vehicle and parts dealers (+3.8%) and general merchandise stores (+1.7%) led the increase. Ex-gasoline and auto sales rose 0.4% mom. In volume term, retail sales increased 1.3% mom.

                      Advance estimate suggests that retail sales rose further by 0.7% mom in January.

                      Full release here.

                      Canada CPI slowed to 5.9% yoy in Jan, Ex food and energy down to 4.9% yoy

                        Canada CPI slowed from 6.3% yoy to 5.9% yoy in Jan. StatsCan noted that “Prices for cellular services and passenger vehicles contributed to the deceleration in the all-items CPI. However, mortgage interest cost and prices for food continue to rise.” Excluding food and energy, CPI also slowed to 4.9% yoy while ex-mortgage CPI slowed to 5.4% yoy.

                        CPI median was unchanged at 5.0% yoy. CPI trimmed slowed form 5.3% yoy to 5.1% yoy. CPI common was unchanged at 6.6% yoy.

                        On a monthly basis, CPI rose 0.5% mom. Higher gasoline prices contributed the most to the month-over-month increase, followed by a rise in mortgage interest cost and meat prices.

                        Full release here.

                        German ZEW rose to 28.1, but current situation still unfavorable

                          Germany ZEW Economic Sentiment rose form 16.9 to 28.1 in February, above expectation of 22.8. Current Situation index rose from -58.6 to -45.1, above expectation of -50.0.

                          Eurozone ZEW Economic sentiment rose form 16.7 to 29.7, above expectation of 22.3. Current Situation Index rose 13.2 pts to -41.6.

                          ZEW President Professor Achim Wambach said: “Meanwhile a large fraction of the survey participants expects the economic situation to improve in six months’ time. However, the current situation is still assessed as relatively unfavourable.

                          “As in the previous month, the increase in expectations can be traced back to higher profit expectations in the energy- and export-oriented sectors as well as the consumer-related parts of the economy. Expectations for long-term interest rates are also rising and the banking sector indicator has reached its highest level since 2004.”

                          Full release here.

                          UK PMI composite jumped to 53, near-term recession odds fallen considerably

                            UK PMI Manufacturing rose from 47.0 to 49.2 in February, a 7-month high. PMI Services rose sharply from 48.7 to 53.3, an 8-month high. PMI Composite jumped from 48.5 to 53.0, an 8-month high.

                            Chris Williamson, Chief Business Economist at S&P Global Market Intelligence said: “Much better than anticipated PMI data for February indicate encouraging resilience of the economy in the face of headwinds which include rising interest rates, the ongoing cost of living crisis, labour shortages and strikes…

                            “However, while the data suggest that near-term recession odds have fallen considerably, elevated inflation pressures clearly remain a concern, especially in the service sector. As such, the resilience of the economy and the stickiness of the survey’s inflation gauges add to the likelihood of the Bank of England tightening policy further, and potentially more aggressively, which may dampen future growth expectations and suggests that the possibility of recession later in the year should not be ruled out.”

                            Full release here.

                            Eurozone PMI composite rose to 52.3, accelerating growth and stubbornly elevated price pressures

                              Eurozone PMI Manufacturing dropped from 48.5 to 48.8 in February. PMI Services rose from 50.8 to 53.0, an 8-month high. PMI Composite rose from 50.3 to 52.3, a 9-month high.

                              Chris Williamson, Chief Business Economist at S&P Global Market Intelligence said:

                              “Business activity across the eurozone grew much faster than expected in February, with growth hitting a nine-month high thanks to resurgent service sector activity and a recovering manufacturing economy. February’s PMI is broadly consistent with GDP rising at a quarterly rate of just under 0.3%….

                              “However, although inflationary pressures have continued to moderate in February, the survey hints at persistent elevated price trends in the service sector, linked in part to higher wage growth, which will concern ECB policymakers….

                              “The combination of accelerating growth and stubbornly elevated price pressures will naturally encourage a bias towards further policy tightening in the months ahead.”

                              Full release here.

                              Germany PMI composite rose to 561.1, return to growth after eight months

                                Germany PMI Manufacturing dropped from 47.3 to 46.5 in February. PMI Services rose from 50.7 to 51.3, an 8-month high. PMI Composite rose from 49.9 to 51.1, also an 8-month high.

                                Phil Smith, Economics Associate Director at S&P Global Market Intelligence said:

                                “February’s flash PMI survey showed the German private sector economy return to growth territory for the first time eight months, alongside continued resilience in the labour market and a further slight recovery in business confidence.

                                “Encouragingly, the increase in business activity was broad-based by sector. However, whereas the upturn in services activity was at least partly demand-related, higher manufacturing output owed almost exclusively to a substantial easing of supply-chain bottlenecks, which merely allowed goods producers to catch up on backlogs of work. With manufacturing new orders still in contraction territory, goods producers remain only cautiously optimistic about the year-ahead outlook, and they will likely need to see demand revive for that to change.

                                “The cooling of demand in the goods-producing sector and subsequent easing of supply-chain pressures has seen factory input costs start to fall. Still, like their service sector counterparts who once again highlighted particularly strong wage demands, manufacturers continued to raise their output prices at a robust rate during February, signalling that core inflationary pressures remain elevated. However, the rate of increase in average prices charged for goods and services continued to slow, down to its lowest since May 2021.”

                                Full release here.

                                France PMI composite rose to 51.6, economy back in growth territory

                                  France PMI Manufacturing dropped notably from 50.5 to 47.9 in February. PMI Services, on the other hand, rose from 49.4 to 52.8. PMI Composite rose from 49.1 to 51.6, hitting a 7-month high.

                                  Joe Hayes, Senior Economist at S&P Global Market Intelligence said:

                                  “At face value, the February ‘flash’ PMI survey results for France are positive, showing the economy was in growth territory for the first time since October 2022. More encouragement could be taken from the underlying sector data, which showed the expansion was driven by services, a sector which has been under pressure due to the negative demand impact of eroding real incomes.

                                  “However, it’s difficult to say for certain if we’re at an inflexion point and the French economy is now on its path to recovery. The manufacturing sector downturn intensified in February, and demand conditions within this sector are clearly still fragile. Factory export orders fell at the sharpest rate since May 2020, providing a downbeat assessment of broader global economic conditions.

                                  “The likelihood of further increases in interest rates also remains, and this poses a risk to demand and activity. Inflation remained stubborn in the service sector, with rates of input cost and output price inflation holding close to their peaks. How much needs to be done by monetary policymakers to push this lower is uncertain, although sustained resilience in the labour market suggests more needs to be done to take heat out of the French economy.”

                                  Full release here.

                                  Japan PMI manufacturing dropped to 47.4, services rose to 53.6

                                    Japan PMI Manufacturing dropped from 48.9 to 47.4 in February, below expectation of 49.3. It’s also the worst reading in over two-and-a-half years. Manufacturing Output dropped sharply from 47.2 to 44.9. PMI services, on the other hand, rose from 52.3 to 53.6. PMI Composite was unchanged at 50.7.

                                    Andrew Harker, Economics Director at S&P Global Market Intelligence, said:

                                    “The modest, stable growth signalled by the au Jibun Bank Flash Japan Composite PMI in February masked widely differing trends between the manufacturing and service sectors midway through the first quarter of the year.

                                    “Service providers posted sharper rises in activity and new business as the latest wave of the COVID-19 pandemic faded, providing a boost to demand.

                                    “The picture was much less positive in the manufacturing sector, however, where new orders and production dropped to the greatest extents in just over two-and-a-half years.”

                                    Full release here.

                                    RBA minutes: 25bps and 50bps hike considered at Feb meeting

                                      Minutes of RBA’s February 7 meeting revealed that both the options of 25bps and 50bps hike were considered. But the case for a 25bps hike was stronger, with “the monthly meetings provided the Board with frequent opportunities to assess how these uncertainties were being resolved and to adjust policy if needed”.

                                      The minutes also noted, “members agreed that further increases in interest rates are likely to be needed over the months ahead to ensure that inflation returns to target and that the current period of high inflation is only temporary.”

                                      Full minutes here.

                                      Australia PMI composite rose to 49.2, on the narrow path to achieve soft landing

                                        Australia PMI Manufacturing ticked up from 50.0 to 50.1 in February. PMI Services rose from 48.6 to 49.2. PMI Composite also rose from 48.5 to 49.2.

                                        Warren Hogan, Chief Economic Advisor at Judo Bank said: “Australian business activity improved in February 2023 with a second consecutive small rise in the flash composite output index to 49.2. The economy has slowed from the strong rates of growth in 2022 to be on a more sustainable footing in early 2023. We still appear to be on the narrow path to achieve a soft landing for the economy in 2023…

                                        “At this stage the Judo Bank PMIs are pointing to a welcome slowdown in the economy that may help take upward pressure off interest rates. While this will do little to alter the RBA’s intentions to raise interest rates further over the months ahead, it does indicate that we may be close to the point where the RBA Board can pause the current tightening cycle.”

                                        Full release here.

                                        SNB Schlegel: Still willing to intervene in the currency markets

                                          Vice Chairman Martin Schlegel said yesterday that SNB is “still willing” to be active in currency intervention. “If the Swiss franc depreciates we are ready to sell foreign exchange, if the Swiss franc appreciates strongly we are willing to buy foreign exchange,” he said.

                                          He also noted that SNB had to “react forcefully” to fight inflation, which peaked at 3.5% last year. “The most important contribution we can do for society is to have stability-orientated policy and maintain price stability.”