Germany PMI Manufacturing was finalized at 57.4 in December, unchanged from November’s level, lowest since January. Markit said output growth ticked up as incidence of lengthening input lead times fell. Input costs and output prices rose sharply, but rates of inflation eased. Faster rise in employment as business expectations strengthened slightly.
Phil Smith, Associate Economics Director at IHS Markit, said:
“After a promising start to 2021, the German manufacturing sector’s performance faded as the year went on as unprecedented supply chain constraints took their toll. However, although growth in December was only modest with supply shortages still an issue, the survey’s output index has now ticked up in each of the last two months, to offer some hope that the final quarter of 2021 can be a turning point from which growth starts to pick up as we move through 2022.
“Buoyed by full order books, German manufacturers are confident about growth prospects in the coming year, though much still depends on an improvement in the supply situation.
“Latest data provided some signs of encouragement, as expectations improved, the incidence of lengthening lead times eased to an 11-month low, and firms were able to rapidly build up stocks of inputs. Nevertheless, supply chains remain under intense pressure by historical standards, and there’s still a risk of fresh disruption as a result of flare-ups in the pandemic.”

Full release here.
Fed Kashkari: Threshold for rate hike could be met with Apr 2022 inflation data
Minneapolis Fed President Neel Kashkari said in an essay that he supported Fed’s decision to increase the speed of tapering back in December FOMC meeting. Also, it brought forward two rate hikes into 2022 because “inflation has been higher and more persistent than I had expected.”
Kashkari added, he’d prefer the forward guidance to commit to keeping federal funds rate at effective lower bound “until 12-month core PCE had exceeded 2 percent for 12 months.” Based on this criteria, “the test that I preferred will likely be met when the April 2022 data are released the following month”. The “threshold” (not trigger) for lift off would then be met.
Full essay here.