Fed upgrade 2021 GDP and inflation forecasts, expects lower unemployment rate

    In the Fed’s new median economic projections:

    • 2021 GDP projection was raised from 4.2% to 6.5%. 2022 GDP projection was raised from 3.2% to 3.3%. But 2023 GDP projection was lowered from 2.4% to 2.2%.
    • Unemployment rate forecast was lowered from 5.0% to 4.5% in 2021, from 4.2% to 3.9% in 2022, and from 3.7% to 3.5% in 2023.
    • Core PCE inflation forecast was upgraded from 1.8% to 2.2% in 2021, from 1.9% to 2.0% in 2022, from 2.0% to 2.1% in 2023.
    • Federal funds rate projection was left unchanged at 0.1% throughout the projections horizon.

    Full projections here.

    Fed keep policy unchanged unanimously, full statement

      Fed left monetary policy unchanged as widely expected, unanimously. Federal funds rate is kept at 0-0.25%. Purchase of treasury securities will continue by at leaste USD 80B per month, and ABS by at least USD 50B per month.

      FOMC also reiterated the pledge to “using its full range of tools to support the U.S. economy in this challenging time, thereby promoting its maximum employment and price stability goals.”

      Full statement below:

      The Federal Reserve is committed to using its full range of tools to support the U.S. economy in this challenging time, thereby promoting its maximum employment and price stability goals.

      The COVID-19 pandemic is causing tremendous human and economic hardship across the United States and around the world. Following a moderation in the pace of the recovery, indicators of economic activity and employment have turned up recently, although the sectors most adversely affected by the pandemic remain weak. Inflation continues to run below 2 percent. Overall financial conditions remain accommodative, in part reflecting policy measures to support the economy and the flow of credit to U.S. households and businesses.

      The path of the economy will depend significantly on the course of the virus, including progress on vaccinations. The ongoing public health crisis continues to weigh on economic activity, employment, and inflation, and poses considerable risks to the economic outlook.

      The Committee seeks to achieve maximum employment and inflation at the rate of 2 percent over the longer run. With inflation running persistently below this longer-run goal, the Committee will aim to achieve inflation moderately above 2 percent for some time so that inflation averages 2 percent over time and longer­term inflation expectations remain well anchored at 2 percent. The Committee expects to maintain an accommodative stance of monetary policy until these outcomes are achieved. The Committee decided to keep the target range for the federal funds rate at 0 to 1/4 percent and expects it will be appropriate to maintain this target range until labor market conditions have reached levels consistent with the Committee’s assessments of maximum employment and inflation has risen to 2 percent and is on track to moderately exceed 2 percent for some time. In addition, the Federal Reserve will continue to increase its holdings of Treasury securities by at least $80 billion per month and of agency mortgage­backed securities by at least $40 billion per month until substantial further progress has been made toward the Committee’s maximum employment and price stability goals. These asset purchases help foster smooth market functioning and accommodative financial conditions, thereby supporting the flow of credit to households and businesses.

      In assessing the appropriate stance of monetary policy, the Committee will continue to monitor the implications of incoming information for the economic outlook. The Committee would be prepared to adjust the stance of monetary policy as appropriate if risks emerge that could impede the attainment of the Committee’s goals. The Committee’s assessments will take into account a wide range of information, including readings on public health, labor market conditions, inflation pressures and inflation expectations, and financial and international developments.

      Voting for the monetary policy action were Jerome H. Powell, Chair; John C. Williams, Vice Chair; Thomas I. Barkin; Raphael W. Bostic; Michelle W. Bowman; Lael Brainard; Richard H. Clarida; Mary C. Daly; Charles L. Evans; Randal K. Quarles; and Christopher J. Waller.

       

      US oil inventories rose 2.4m barrels, WTI extending consolidation from 67.83

        US commercial crude oil inventories rose 2.4m barrels in the week ending March 12, slightly below expectation of 2.8m barrels. At 500.8m barrels, inventories are about 6% above the five year average for this time of year. Gasoline inventories rose 0.5m barrels. Distillate rose 0.3m barrels. Propane/propylene dropped -0.2m barrels. Commercial petroleum inventories rose 3.6m barrels.

        WTI crude oil is staying in consolidation from 67.83 for now. Outlook remains bullish as long as 59.17 support holds. The focus is on whether WTI could sustain above 65.43 structural resistance, to open the way to extend the medium term up trend to 76.75.

        Canada CPI rose to 1.1% yoy, ex-gasoline down to 1.0% yoy

          Canada CPI accelerated to 1.1% yoy in February, up from 1.0% yoy, but missed expectation of 1.3% yoy. Excluding gasoline, CPI slowed to 1.0% yoy, down from 1.3% yoy. CPI Common was unchanged at 1.3% yoy, missed expectation of 1.4% yoy. CPI median was unchanged at 2.0% yoy, matched expectations, CPI trimmed rose to 1.9% yoy, up from 1.8% yoy, below expectation of 1.8% yoy.

          Full release here.

          GCEE: Germany GDP to contract -2% in Q1, grow 3.1% in 2021

            Germany’s Council of Economic Experts (GCEE) lowered 2021 GDP forecasts to 3.1%, as Germany remained “firmly in the grip of the coronavirus pandemic”. GDP is expected to contract -2% in Q1 as a result of the renewed rise in infection rates in Autumn 2020, and the restrictions currently in place. GDP is expected to grow 4.1% in 2022. Economic output is likely to return to its pre-crisis level at the turn of the year 2021/2022. Eurozone GDP is forecast to grow 4.1% in 2021 and 4.2% in 2022.

            “The greatest risk to the German economy is posed by a potential third wave of infections, especially if it were to lead to restrictions or even plant closures in industry,” says council member Volker Wieland.

            “For Germany to reach the EU target of vaccinating 70% of the population by the end of September 2021, the current number of daily vaccinations in vaccination centers must be increased by 50%. In addition, this would require general practitioners and specialists to be involved in the vaccination,” states council member Veronika Grimm.

            Full release here.

            Eurozone CPI finalized at 0.9% yoy in Feb, EU at 1.3% yoy

              Eurozone CPI was finalized at 0.9% yoy in February, unchanged from January’s figure. Core CPI was finalized at 1.1% yoy, down from January’s 1.4% yoy. The highest contribution to the annual euro area inflation rate came from services (+0.55 percentage points, pp), followed by food, alcohol & tobacco (+0.29 pp), non-energy industrial goods (+0.26 pp) and energy (-0.15 pp).

              EU CPI was finalized at 1.3% yoy, up from January’s 1.2% yoy. The lowest annual rates were registered in Greece (-1.9%), Slovenia (-1.1%) and Cyprus (-0.9%). The highest annual rates were recorded in Poland (3.6%), Hungary (3.3%) and Romania (2.5%). Compared with January, annual inflation fell in ten Member States, remained stable in three and rose in fourteen.

              Full release here.

              Fed to upgrade growth forecasts, eyes on reactions to yields, some previews

                Fed is generally expected to keep monetary policy unchanged today. Fed funds rate will be kept at 0-0.25%. Asset purchase will also remain at USD 120B per month pace. Developments since last meeting were positive, with upbeat economic data released recently, passage of USD 1.9T of fiscal stimulus, and progress in vaccination. Fed would likely upgrade GDP forecast for the year, but emphasize it’s premature to even consider stimulus withdrawal.

                A much talked about topic is the surge in treasury yields. Fed chair Jerome Powell could just reiterate the view that rising yields were a result of better economic developments and stronger market confidence. That might give treasury yields a note for another powerful rise. Or, yields could be knocked down if there is any hint on the possibility of some measures like operation twist to curb yields. The reactions in the markets could be very volatile.

                Here are some suggested readings:

                Japan exports contracted -4.5% yoy in Feb, first decline in three months

                  Japan’s export dropped -4.5% yoy to JPY 6038B in February, much worse than expectation of -0.5% yoy. That’s also the first decline in exports in three months. Exports to China slowed sharply to 3.4% yoy, partly due to lunar new year holidays. Exports to US dropped -14.0% yoy. dragged down by automobiles, airplane parts and motors.

                  Imports rose 11.8% yoy to JPY 5821B, slightly below expectation of 11.9% yoy. That’s, nonetheless, the first annual increase in exports in 22 months due to pickup in domestic demand, restocking of inventory and rises in crude oil and resources prices. Trade surplus came in at JPY 217B.

                  In seasonally adjusted terms, exports dropped -4.7% mom. Imports rose 4.7% mom. Trade balanced turned into JPY -0.04T deficit, smaller than expectation of JPY -0.20T.

                  S&P affirmed US AA+/A-1 rating with stable outlook, positive and negative factors balanced

                    S&P affirmed the “AA+/A-1+” sovereign credit ratings on the US. Outlook remained “stable”, as negative and positive rating factors for the U.S. will be balanced over the next three years”.

                    In the upside scenario, rating could be raised over the next two years if “effective and proactive public policymaking contributes to favorable economic outcomes. Sustained economic growth, along with measures to address long-term fiscal challenges, could slow the recently high annual increases in the general government’s net debt as a share of GDP.

                    Conversely, in the downside scenario, “unexpectedly negative political developments in the next two years that reduce the resilience of American institutions, the economy, and the effectiveness of long-term policymaking or jeopardize the dollar’s status as the world’s leading reserve currency could lead to a negative rating action.”

                    ECB Kazimir: Market rates will naturally react to economic revival and improving situation

                      ECB Governing Council member Peter Kazimir said the rise in Eurozone bond yields this year wasn’t dramatic for now”. The decision last week to significantly increase asset purchase in Q2 was “a reaction to the spillover of the market move triggered by the approval of the U.S. fiscal package.”

                      “My concern is that, compared with the enormous U.S. fiscal impulse, the effects of the European one will kick in with a major delay — we’re talking months and years,” Kazimir said. “The joint fiscal reaction is lagging behind and needs to pick up its pace to support the recovery.”

                      Also, Kazimir didn’t expect the need to keep downward pressure on bond yields forever. “With a gradual economic revival, and with generally improving situation, the market rates will naturally react,” he said. “What’s important is that such an increase reflects economic fundamentals and that there aren’t some speculative, unwarranted moves.”

                      Separately, Executive Board member France Elderson said in a Twitter Q&A: “Inflation increased sharply in January and February, and is likely to go up further in the coming months… This is mainly due to transitory factors, which we look through. Underlying inflation remains subdued owing to weak demand and economic slack,”

                       

                      US retail sales dropped -3.0% mom in Feb, ex-auto sales down -2.7% mom

                        US retail sales dropped -3.0% mom to USD 561.7B in February, much worse than expectation of -0.5% mom. Ex-auto sales dropped -2.7% mom, versus expectation of -0.5% mom. Ex-gasoline sales dropped -3.5% mom. Ex-auto, ex-gasoline sales dropped -3.3% mom.

                        Full release here.

                        ECB Lane: Our favourability assessment of financing condition is dynamic

                          ECB Chief Economist Philip Lane said in an FT interview, “we have an ongoing two-stage challenge — counter the negative pandemic shock to the inflation path and subsequently finish the task of raising inflation to our aim.”

                          “While we don’t think we are at the lower bound”, he added, “there is clearly less room to deliver monetary stimulus when interest rates are already low, compared to historical norms.”

                          “Our favourability assessment of financing conditions is dynamic,” he explained. “It does depend on how much progress we are making in terms of the inflation forecast. It is not yield curve control in the sense of saying we want to keep the yield curve at some fixed value; because over time the relation between the appropriate level of yields and inflation will move.

                          Full interview here.

                          German ZEW rose to 76.6, broad-based recovery expected

                            German ZEW Economic Sentiment rose to 76.6 in March, up from 71.2, above expectation of 74.0. Current Situation index rose to -61, up from -67.2, above expectation of -62. Eurozone Economic Sentiment rose to 74, up from 69.6, above expectation of 72.0. Eurozone Current Situation rose 4.8 pts to -69.8. 81.0.

                            “Economic optimism continues to rise. Experts expect a broad-based recovery of the German economy. They anticipate that at least 70 per cent of the German population will be offered a vaccine against Covid-19 by autumn. However, a large majority also expects inflation to continue to grow, as well as higher long-term interest rates,” comments ZEW President Professor Achim Wambach.

                            Full release here.

                            BoJ Kuroda: Yen doesn’t rise in times of market turbulence any more

                              BoJ Governor Haruhiko Kuroda told the parliament today that “excessive falls in super-long interest rates would affect returns for insurers and pension funds.” He emphasized, “it’s important to keep the entire yield curve stably low as the pandemic weighs on the economy.”

                              On recent movements in exchange rate, “in the past, the yen almost always rose in times of market turbulence due to its status as a safe-haven currency,” Kuroda said. “That’s not the case anymore, which is favorable for us.”

                              Results of BoJ’s policy framework review will be published this Friday. The mostly watched topic include any tweaks on ETF purchases, and the band allowed for 10-year JGB to move around 0%. Otherwise, Kuroda has repeatedly indicated there is no need to change the yield curve control framework as a whole.

                              Gold struggles to break through 1740 resistance, risk stays on downside

                                Focus remains on 1740.32 minor resistance in Gold, to determine whether a short term bottom was formed at 1676.65. The conditions for a stronger rebound are there, with some support seen from medium term falling channel support. Also, bullish convergence condition condition is displayed in 4 hour MACD.

                                Decisive break of 1740.32 will also be the first sign that the fall from 2075.18 has completed as a three wave correction. Attention will then be turned back to 55 day EMA (now at 1792.68).

                                However, rejection by 1740.32, followed by break of 1676.65, could extend the correction to 50% retracement of 1160.17 to 2075.18 at 1617.67 or even 61.8% retracement at 1509.70, before forming a bottom.

                                S&P 500 hits new record, on track to 4096 projection level

                                  S&P 500 and DOW closed at new record highs overnight on improving growth prospect in the US economy. In particular, the S%P 1500 airlines index jumped more than 4%, indicating some revival in optimism in the sector. Nine of the 11 major S&P sector indices closed higher, led by utilities and real estate.

                                  S&P 500’s rise from 3233.94 is still in progress. As part of the up trend from 2191.86, it’s still on track to 61.8% projection of 2191.86 to 3588.11 from 3233.94 at 4096.82. Though, prior retreat through 55 day EMA, while brief, was a warning of loss of upside momentum. Daily MACD is also limited below down trend line. SPX will need to quickly climb further to press upper trend line to solidify momentum. Otherwise, there is risk of topping around 4096.82.

                                  RBA Minutes: Fiscal support tapering an important near-term issue

                                    Minutes of RBA’s March 2 meeting reiterated that Australia economic recovery was “well under way” and had been “stronger than expected previously”. An important near-term issue was household and business adjustment to the tapering of some fiscal support measures. “Members noted that there may be a temporary pause in the pace of improvement in the labour market, as many firms had already adjusted the size of their workforces.”

                                    Wage and price pressures had been subdued and were “expected to remain so for several years”. The Board will “look through” the “transitory fluctuations in inflation” due to changes in balance of supply and demand during the pandemic. Underlying inflation was expected to remain below 2% target over both 2021 and 2022.

                                    Also, members affirmed that cash rate will be maintained at 0.10% for “as long as necessary”. Negative rate was viewed as “extraordinarily unlikely”. Conditions for a rate hike are not expected to be met “until 2024 at the earliest.

                                    Full minutes here.

                                    US Empire State manufacturing rose to 16.1, substantial employment increases expected

                                      US Empire State manufacturing general business conditions rose to 17.4 in March, up from 12.1, above expectation of 14.5. Expectations for six months ahead rose 1.5, from 34.9 to 36.4.

                                      More importantly, number of employees for six months ahead jumped from 14.8 to 16.6. Average employment work week for six months ahead rose from 14.3 to 201.

                                      New York Fed said, “The index for future employment rose to its highest level in over ten years, suggesting that firms widely expect to increase employment in the months ahead.”

                                      Full release here.

                                      BoE Bailey: Rise in rates consistent with change in economic outlook

                                        BoE Governor Andrew Bailey told BBC radio, “we watch rates in financial markets very closely.” “We have seen some increase in rates over the last month or so as have other countries,” he said. “My view is that is consistent with the change in the economic outlook.”

                                        “Our current view of inflation is that it will get back towards our 2% target,” he added. “It will get back towards that level in the next two or three months. The important question here is: will that be sustained?”

                                        “I’m saying we will need to see evidence that the trend in the economy and therefore the trend in inflation is sustainable simply because of the uncertainty and the huge effect of the Covid shock.”

                                        “This Covid effect on the economy is huge so what we are saying on the recovery is the economy will get back by the end of this year to where it was at the end of 2019. That’s good news but let’s be realistic: it’s no more than getting back to where we were pre-Covid.”

                                        AUD turns weaker against CAD and NZD

                                          Australian Dollar is turning weaker against other commodity currencies at the start of the week. AUD/CAD’s fall from 0.9988 resumes today and hits as low as 0.9643 so far. The rejection by 55 day EMA is a sign of near term bearishness. Overall, such decline is seen as correcting whole up trend from 0.8058 to 0.9988. Hence, further fall is expected  as long as 0.9795 resistance holds. It should target 0.9247 cluster support, 38.2% retracement of 0.8058 to 0.9988 at 0.9251, to complete the correction.

                                          AUD/NZD’s steep retreat today suggests rejection by 1.0825 resistance. But outlook is less clear than AUD/CAD. Price actions from 1.0415 are seen as the second leg of the whole pattern from 1.0420, which could be quite unpredictable by nature. For now, another rise will be mildly in favor as long as 1.0717 support holds. Break of 1.0840 resistance will extend the rebound from 1.0415 to retest 1.1042 high. However, firm break of 1.0840 could bring deeper decline back to 1.0538 support, or even below.