February 25 imagery suggests North Korea testing nuclear reactors at Yongbyon

    Defence & security intelligence analysts Jane’s reported that North Korea likely had preliminary testing it’s nuclear reactors at the Yongbyon research facility. That came weeks ahead of the planned meeting between North Korean Leader Kim Jong-un and South Korean President Moon Jae-in next month. There will also be a planned meeting between Kim and US President Donald Trump in May.

    But it should be noted that the analysis was based on an imagery from February 25. Jane’s noted:-

    • Satellite imagery suggests that preliminary testing of North Korea’s experimental light water reactor (ELWR) at Yongbyon may have begun.
    • Signatures of testing in late February follow logically from numerous indicators of increased activity at the ELWR that were visible throughout 2017, although reactor criticality is only likely to occur later in 2018 or in 2019.
    • The ELWR was built and optimized for electricity production, but has ‘dual-use’ potential and can be modified to produce fissile material for nuclear weapons.

     

    ECB: Impact of trade tensions escalation could heighten financial stress and lower confidence

      In a paper released today, ECB noted that last year’s increased in trade tensions and the repercussions of the tariffs implemented pose only a “modest adverse risk” to the global and euro area outlooks. Also,  impact of implemented tariffs and tariff announcements owing to uncertainty effects appears to have remained “confined to the targeted sectors” for the time being.

      However, if trade tensions were to escalate once again, “the impact would be larger”.  Model-based simulations indicate that the medium-term direct impact of an escalation could be “sizeable, compounded by heightened financial stress and a drop in confidence.” The longer-term effects would be “even more pronounced”.

      ECB also warned that “although free trade is often seen as one of the factors behind rising inequality both within and across countries, winding back globalisation is the wrong way to address these negative effects.” “A retreat from openness will only fuel more inequality, depriving people of the undisputed economic advantages that trade and integration bring.”. The paper urged that “countries should seek to resolve any trade disputes in multilateral fora”.

      Full paper “The economic implications of rising protectionism: a euro area and global perspective“.

      Fed Evans: 3% inflation would not be so bad

        In an online meeting of the American Economic Association, Chicago Fed President Charles Evans said that “if we got 3% inflation that would not be so bad,” if it’s not accelerating out of control. Also, with structurally low interest rates pulling down on inflation, “it is very difficult to imagine out of control inflation, even with the large debt that fiscal authorities have been running up.”

        In the prepared remarks, Evans also said financial stability objectives are ” best addressed through supervision and regulation rather than through monetary policy tools”.

        “The reality that the effective lower bound is no longer an unusual occurrence prompted the FOMC to embark on a comprehensive review of its monetary policy framework and make changes in our monetary policy strategy”, he added.

        “Perhaps it is time for financial institutions and their supervisors to do the same—that is, review their business models and make their supervisory and regulatory strategies as robust and resilient as possible—in this low nominal interest rate environment.”

        Full remarks here.

        NIESR: UK GDP to contract 15% to 25% in Q2

          NIESR said UKeconomy could have declined by -5% in Q1. And if lockdown continues, GDP could contract by -15% to -25% in Q2. The lockdown is “causing the largest contraction in economic activity since 1921”

          “The UK economy is now almost certain to experience a major contraction in the second quarter of the year. The forceful impact of COVID-19 and the global lockdown has thrust the economy into unknown territory where we could see GDP declining at a record quarterly rate. Nonetheless, instant and significant recovery remain a distinct possibility if the spread of the virus comes to halt quickly.” – Dr Kemar Whyte Senior Economist – Macroeconomic Modelling and Forecasting

          Full release here.

          ECB Kazimir: No significant growth before completing monetary union

            ECB Governing Council member Peter Kazimir urged further structural change in the bloc. He warned, “I am worried that we won’t be able to enjoy significant economic growth before we deal with the fact that EU is lagging behind in technology and before we complete the European Monetary Union.”

            Another Governing Council member Madis Müller said the upcoming policy review should consider whether the control over inflation has diminished. And, “maybe in this case we would not need to be as aggressive with our policies. We could be more flexible and not chase that goal at any price.”

            BoJ Nakamura: Inflation not accompanied by wage increases yet

              BoJ board member Toyoaki Nakamura said, “recent price rises aren’t accompanied by wage increases yet”. He added that Japan is far from the situation where wage inflation spiral becomes a concern. The central bank needs to continue with ultra-loose monetary policy for the time being.

              “Tightening monetary policy at a time when demand continues to remain lower than supply would put huge pressure on corporate and household activity,” he warned.

              He expects inflation to slow next year as energy and food price rises fade.

              ECB Holzmann calls for four more 50bps hikes

                ECB Governing council member Robert Holzmann said he would like to have 50bps rates hikes in all of the March, May, June and July meetings.

                “I expect it to take a very long time for inflation to come down,” the Austrian central bank Governor told Handelsblatt. “My hope is that within the next 12 months we will have reached the peak of interest rates.”

                “If we want to get inflation back to two percent in the foreseeable future, we have to be restrictive,” Holzmann said, arguing that only a 4% deposit rate will start restricting growth.

                RBA Minutes: To reconsider a pause at next meeting

                  The minutes of RBA’s meeting on March 7 indicate that the central bank is considering a more cautious approach in tightening monetary policy, as uncertainty surrounding the economic outlook persists. The RBA members observed that “further tightening of monetary policy would likely be required to ensure that inflation returns to target.” However, they also noted the restrictive nature of current monetary policy and the economic uncertainty, stating that “it would be appropriate at some point to hold the cash rate steady.”

                  During the meeting, RBA members agreed to “reconsider the case for a pause at the following meeting, recognizing that pausing would allow additional time to reassess the outlook for the economy.” The decision on when to pause will be determined by incoming data and the board’s assessment of the economic situation.

                  The RBA acknowledges that “the outlook for consumption remained a key source of uncertainty.” The central bank will closely monitor upcoming data releases on employment, inflation, retail trade, and business surveys, as well as developments in the global economy, to inform their decision-making.

                  Full RBA minutes here.

                  Fed chair Powell press conference live stream

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                    BoJ Kuroda: Keeping rates low for extended period means quite a long time

                      BoJ Governor Haruhiko Kuroda reiterated the central bank’s forward guidance that “there’s a good chance current low interest rates will be maintained beyond (the spring of 2020) depending on future developments”. In a speech he emphasized “when we say we will keep rates low for an extended period of time, we mean it will be maintained for quite a long time.”

                      On the economy, Kuroda expects it to continue to expand moderately. Though, “if overseas growth takes longer than expected to pick up, Japanese companies – manufacturers in particular – could become cautious about spending on capital expenditure”.

                      While the economy is facing some risks, Kuroda dismissed that the so called “Modern Monetary Theory” as being a “wrong idea”. He said “when a central bank monetizes debt unlimitedly, it will most certainly trigger hyper-inflation and cause huge damage to the economy.” And, “it’s a common understanding among central banks of advanced economies that they ought not monetize debt.

                      Kuroda’s full speech here.

                      China trade surplus widened to USD 34B in October, both import and export rose

                        From China, exports rose 15.6% yoy in October to USD 217.3B. Imports rose 21.4% yoy to USD 183.2B. Trade surplus widened to USD 34.0B, below expectation of USD 36.3B.

                        In CNY terms, exports rose 20.1% to CNY 1490B. Imports rose 26.3% to 1257B. Trade surplus widened to CNY 234B, above expectation of CNY 209B.

                         

                        NZD/USD bounces after RBNZ hike, drawing support from HnS neckline

                          NZD/USD recovers notably after RBNZ rate hike, but stays in range below 0.6467 temporary top. Outlook is staying bullish for now, as NZD/USD is trying to draw support from head and shoulder neckline (ls: 0.6195, h: 0.6059, rs: 0.6211), as well as 55 day EMA (now at 0.6323). Another rise is in favor through 0.6467, sooner rather than later.

                          Either as a corrective rebound, or part of an up trend, rise from 0.6059 should target 0.6575 resistance zone, which is close to 38.2% retracement of 0.7463 (2021 high) to 0.6059 at 0.6595.

                          However, another decline, and sustained trading below 55 day EMA will invalidate this view and bring retest of 0.6059 low instead.

                          BoE Bailey: We’re not ruling in, not ruling out negative rates

                            On negative interest rates, BoE Governor Andrew Bailey said “we’re not ruling it in, and we’re not ruling it out”. Though, he insisted that this is the “right time” to assess all the tools available, including purchases of riskier assets.

                            Communication is “absolutely critical” if BoE would move on negative interest rates, he added. And BoE is looking carefully at the experience of other central banks with negative rates.

                            UK PMI manufacturing finalized at 53.3, started Q3 on firmer footing

                              UK PMI Manufacturing was finalized at 53.3 in July, up from 50.1 in June. That’s also the highest level in 16 months. Markit noted that domestic new orders rise but new exports business falls. but business sentiment still rises to 28-month high.

                              Rob Dobson, Director at IHS Markit: “The UK manufacturing sector started the third quarter on a much firmer footing, with output growth hitting a near three-year high and new orders rising for the first time in five months. The recovery strengthened as a loosening of lockdown restrictions allowed manufacturers to restart or raise production. July also saw signs of furloughed employees returning to work and customers resuming spending. Business optimism also rose to its highest for over two years as companies grew more hopeful that the future has brightened.

                              “Despite the solid start to the recovery, the road left to travel remains long and precarious. An extended period of growth is still needed to fully recoup the ground lost in recent months. This is also the case for the labour market, where job losses are continuing despite businesses reopening. There is a significant risk of further redundancies and of furloughed workers not returning unless demand and confidence stage more substantial and long-lasting rebounds in the months ahead.”

                              Full release here.

                              Fed Waller: Definitely support another 75bps in Jul, probably 50bps in Sep

                                Fed Governor Christopher Waller said yesterday, “we need to move to a much more restrictive setting” and do that “as quickly as possible.”

                                “I’m definitely in support of doing another 75 basis point hike in July, probably 50 in September, and then after that we can debate whether to go back down to 25s,” he added.

                                “Inflation is a tax on economic activity, and the higher the tax the more it suppresses economic activity,” Waller warned. “If we don’t get inflation under control, inflation on its own can place us in a really bad economic outcome down the road.”

                                EU Dombrovskis: EDP on Italy is not just about procedure

                                  European Commission Vice President Valdis Dombrovskis said the Commission concluded that Italy’s debt criterion is not complied with and there fore a “debt-based excessive deficit procedure (EDP) is warranted”. EDP is not opened today yet. And EU member states will give their views on the report on Italy first. Then, economic and financial committee has two weeks to form its opinion. He added “it’s much more than just about the procedure, when we look at the Italian economy we see the damage that recent policy choices are doing.”

                                  The Commission estimated that Italy used EUR 2.2B more than expected to service its debt in 2018. And it’s paying as much toward its debt servicing as it does toward its entire education system. Dombrovskis added “growth has come to almost a halt … and we now expect the Italian debt (to GDP) ratio to rise in 2019 and 2020 to over 135%.”

                                  Earlier today, coalition League’s economic chief Claudio Borghi rejects fiscal tightening measures and warned that Economy Minister Giovanni Tria must take a “hard line on EU budget talks”.

                                  ECB Rehn: Inflation excluding energy and food is falling only gradually

                                    ECB Governing Council member Olli Rehn has underscored the significance of core inflation in guiding the bank’s monetary-policy decisions. His comments comes at a time when consumer prices in eurozone are reportedly slowing, but not at the desired pace.

                                    Rehn stated, “The rise in consumer prices in the euro area is slowing, but not to the extent desired,” further adding, “Inflation excluding energy and food is falling only gradually.”

                                    Highlighting the primacy of core inflation – which excludes the volatile sectors of energy and food – in policy considerations, Rehn remarked, “I consider core inflation a very important, essential yardstick in the overall judgment of monetary-policy making.”

                                    Rehn emphasized ECB’s commitment to bringing inflation back to its target, saying, “We will bring interest rates to levels sufficiently restrictive to achieve a timely return of inflation to the 2% medium-term target and keep them there as long as necessary.”

                                    Fed Williams: Higher oil prices not a stagflation issue

                                      New York Fed President John Williams said the higher oil prices stemming from Russia invasion of Ukraine may act like a “tax” on American consumers. But, “the economy is coming into this with a lot of forward momentum. It’s definitely not a stagflation issue.”

                                      Williams expect inflation to come down later this year but stays “well above” 2% target. He emphasized Fed has the “ability to adjust interest rates higher if inflation ends up being much more persistent or staying much higher than we expect or want”.

                                      Tokyo raises coronavirus alert to highest as daily cases hit record

                                        Tokyo raised coronavirus alert to the highest level today, as new daily cases hit record high above 500. Governor Yuriko Koike said the government would would take steps to combat the coronavirus “with the view that infections could reach 1,000 cases a day”.

                                        Prim Minister Yoshihide Suga also urged citizens “once again to be vigilant about taking basic precautions… “We ask that people engage in quiet, masked, dining. I will do the same starting today,”

                                        While facing risks of more restrictions, Finance Minister Taro Aso said it’s currently not thinking about giving households cash handouts for a second time.

                                        Canada CPI accelerated to 4.7% yoy in Oct, highest since 2003

                                          Canada CPI accelerated to 4.7% yoy in October, up from September’s 4.4% yoy, matched expectations. That’s the highest reading since February 2003. Excluding energy, CPI rose 3.3% yoy, unchanged from September’s reading. On a monthly basis CPI rose 0.7% mom, largest gains since June 2020.

                                          CPI common was unchanged at 1.8% yoy, below expectation of 1.9% yoy. CPI median rose to 2.9% yoy, up from 2.8% yoy, matched expectations. CPI trimmed slowed to 3.3% yoy, down from 3.4% yoy, below expectation of 3.4% yoy.

                                          Full release here.